Test 52 (anatomy of head and neck)

1. The following are true about the trigeminal ganglion:

a. it lies in the Meckel's cave

b. it lies in close relationship to the motor root of the 
    trigeminal nerve

c. it lies in the middle cranial fossa

d. it lies near the apex of the petrous temporal bone

e. it contains synapses

Answera.T   b.T   c.T   d.T   e.F
The motor root lies inferior to the ganglion.
Trigeminal ganglion is a sensory ganglion and contains cell bodies but not synapses.

2. Nerves that pass in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus include:

a. the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve

b. the sixth cranial nerve

c. the anterior ethmoidal nerve

d. the optic nerve

e. the third cranial nerve

Answera.T   b.F   c.F   d.F   e.T

3. The following are foramina within the sphenoid bone:

a. foramen ovale

b. foramen spinosum

c. foramen rotundum

d. internal acoustic meatus

e. pterygoid canal

Answera.T   b.T   c.T   d.F   e.T
Internal acoustic meatus is found in the petrous temporal bone.
The other foramina are found within the sphenoid bone:
foramen ovale: conducts the mandibular nerve, the accessory meningeal artery and the lesser petrosal nerve
foramen spinosum: transmits the middle meningeal artery
foramen rotundum: transmits the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve
pterygoid canal: transmits the sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres from the greater petrosal nerve.

4. True statements about the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion 
     include:

a. it sends fibres to the constrictor pupillae

b. its gives a cardiac branch

c. it gives a branch which forms a plexus around the internal carotid artery

d. the ansa subclavia connects the superior cervical ganglion to the middle ganglia

e. it is located on the neck of the first rib

Answera.F   b.T   b.T   d.F   e.F
The fibres supplies the dilator pupillae.
The ansa subclavia connects the middle ganglion to the inferior ganglion.
The stellate (cervicothoracic) ganglion is located on the neck of the first rib.

5. The parasympathetic fibres from the pterygopalatine (sphenopalatine) 
    ganglion innervate:

a. the lacrimal gland

b. the iris

c. the parotid gland

d. the submandibular gland

e. the glands in the mucosa of the maxillary air sinus

Answera.T   b.F   c.F   d.F   e.T
The parasympathetic supply to the iris is from the oculomotor nerve.
The parotid gland is innervated by the parasympathetic fibres from the otic ganglion.
The submandibular gland is supplied by the parasympathetic nerve from the submandibular ganglion.