Test 156  ( Neurophysiology)

1. The effect of stellate ganglion block include:

a. anhydrosis

b. dilated conjunctival vessels

c. ptosis

d. dilated pupil

e. nasal congestion
 

Answera.T   b.T   c.T    d.F   e.T
Stellate ganglion block causes Horner's syndrome, anhydrosis and nasal congestion. The pupil is small.
 

2. Parasympathetic ganglia include:

a. Gasserian ganglion

b. otic ganglion

c. stellate ganglion

d. celiac ganglion

e. ciliary ganglion
 

Answera.F   b.T  c.F  d.F  e.T
 

3. With regard to knee jerk:

a. it is a monosynaptic reflex

b. the impulse travels via type Ia afferent fibres

c. the Golgi body is an important component

d. the stimulus begins in the tendon

e. the response is contraction of the quadricep femoris 
    muscles
 

Answer
a.T   b.T   c.F   d.F  e.T
The stumbles is initiated by stretching of the muscle and the sense organ is the muscle spindle.
 

4. In myasthenia gravis:

a. the vertical muscles of the eye are more commonly 
    involved than the horizontal muscles

b. the pupil reaction to light is sluggish

c. absent antibody to acetylcholine receptors exclude the 
    diagnosis

d. Cogan's twitch refers to involuntary twitching of the 
    orbicularis

e. the tendon reflexes are normal

Answer
a.T   b.F  c.F  d.F  e.T
Pupil reaction and tendon reflexes are normal in myasthenia gravis. Cogan's twitch refers to transient over-shooting of the upper lid when the eye looks up suddenly from downward gaze. Antibodies to acetylcholine receptors may be absent especially if the myasthenia is confined to the eye.

 

5. Relative afferent pupillary defect is seen in:

a. age-related macular degeneration

b. optic nerve glioma

c. unilateral occipital lobe infarction

d. third nerve palsy

e. lesion of the ciliary ganglion
 

Answer
a.F   b.T  c.F   d.F  e.F
Relative afferent pupillary defect occurs with extensive loss of retinal nerve fibres such as long-standing retinal detachment or optic nerve lesion. 

 

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